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How to get QPixel bundle install working without sudo privileges?

~~When I try to install QPixel with `bundle install` I got the following message (on Debian 11):~~
```
~/qpixel$ bundle install
Bundler 2.3.15 is running, but your lockfile was generated with 2.4.13. Installing Bundler 2.4.13 and restarting using that version.
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Fetching bundler 2.4.13
Installing bundler 2.4.13
```
~~Then I am asked for the sudo password and after a lot of orange warnings apears like this one (several for each "fletched" `gem`):~~
```
Retrying download gem from https://rubygems.org/ due to error (2/4): Bundler::PermissionError There was an error while trying to write to `/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/cache/erubi-1.11.0.gem`. It is likely that you need to grant write permissions for that path.
```
And then the installation stops with the following red error message (similar error messages are displayed):
<details>
<summary>
```
Bundler::PermissionError: There was an error while trying to write to
`/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/cache/concurrent-ruby-1.1.10.gem`. It is likely that you need to grant write permissions for that path.
```
</summary>
```
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:105:in `rescue in filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:102:in `filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:483:in `block in download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:40:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:30:in `attempt'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:474:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:481:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:443:in `fetch_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:427:in `fetch_gem_if_possible'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:156:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:156:in `do_install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:147:in `block in worker_pool'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:90:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'
Bundler::PermissionError: There was an error while trying to write to `/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/cache/minitest-5.16.3.gem`. It is likely that you need to grant write permissions for that path.
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:105:in `rescue in filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:102:in `filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:483:in `block in download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:40:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:30:in `attempt'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:474:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:481:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:443:in `fetch_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:427:in `fetch_gem_if_possible'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:156:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:156:in `do_install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:147:in `block in worker_pool'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:90:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'
An error occurred while installing minitest (5.16.3), and Bundler cannot continue.
[..] # Similar error messages apears after
```
</details>
So I have to run `bundle` with `sudo`: `sudo bundle install` and I got the following message (but the installation is successful):
```
~/qpixel$ sudo bundle install
Don't run Bundler as root. Bundler can ask for sudo if it is needed, and installing your bundle as root will break this application for all non-root users on this machine.
Bundler 2.3.15 is running, but your lockfile was generated with 2.4.13. Installing Bundler 2.4.13 and restarting using that version.
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Fetching bundler 2.4.13
Installing bundler 2.4.13
Don't run Bundler as root. Installing your bundle as root will break this application for all non-root users on this machine.
[..] # After, the installation proceeds correctly
```
~~It seems to works fine because I don't have detected any problem when running the local instance of QPixel even if I start it with `rails s` without `sudo`.~~
But my questions are:
1. **What are the possible issues related to a QPixel `bundle install` with `sudo`?**
2. **How to avoid using `sudo` to obtain a successful QPixel `bundle install`?**
I tried to install first the "good" version of `bundle` with `sudo gem install bundler:2.4.13` but I got the same `PermissionError` messages during the `bundle install`...
# Set up
I tried on a fresh Debian 11 bullseye on Windows Subsystem Linux Version 2 (WSL2), Windows 11 22H2 host and `bundle` installed with:
```
sudo apt install bundler
```
Ruby installed with:
```
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
```

When I tried to install QPixel with `bundle install` I got the following message (on Debian 11):
```
~/qpixel$ bundle install
Bundler 2.3.15 is running, but your lockfile was generated with 2.4.13. Installing Bundler 2.4.13 and restarting using that version.
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Fetching bundler 2.4.13
Installing bundler 2.4.13
```
Then I am asked for the sudo password and afterwards a lot of orange warnings appear like this one (several for each "fetched" `gem`):
```
Retrying download gem from https://rubygems.org/ due to error (2/4): Bundler::PermissionError There was an error while trying to write to `/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/cache/erubi-1.11.0.gem`. It is likely that you need to grant write permissions for that path.
```
And then the installation stops with the following red error message (similar error messages are displayed):
<details>
<summary>
```
Bundler::PermissionError: There was an error while trying to write to
`/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/cache/concurrent-ruby-1.1.10.gem`. It is likely that you need to grant write permissions for that path.
```
</summary>
```
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:105:in `rescue in filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:102:in `filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:483:in `block in download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:40:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:30:in `attempt'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:474:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:481:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:443:in `fetch_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:427:in `fetch_gem_if_possible'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:156:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:156:in `do_install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:147:in `block in worker_pool'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:90:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'
Bundler::PermissionError: There was an error while trying to write to `/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/cache/minitest-5.16.3.gem`. It is likely that you need to grant write permissions for that path.
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:105:in `rescue in filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/shared_helpers.rb:102:in `filesystem_access'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:483:in `block in download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:40:in `run'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/retry.rb:30:in `attempt'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/rubygems_integration.rb:474:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:481:in `download_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:443:in `fetch_gem'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:427:in `fetch_gem_if_possible'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/source/rubygems.rb:156:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:54:in `install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/gem_installer.rb:16:in `install_from_spec'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:156:in `do_install'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/installer/parallel_installer.rb:147:in `block in worker_pool'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:62:in `apply_func'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:57:in `block in process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `loop'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:54:in `process_queue'
/var/lib/gems/3.1.0/gems/bundler-2.4.13/lib/bundler/worker.rb:90:in `block (2 levels) in create_threads'
An error occurred while installing minitest (5.16.3), and Bundler cannot continue.
[..] # Similar error messages apears after
```
</details>
So I have to run `bundle` with `sudo`: `sudo bundle install` and I got the following message (but the installation is successful):
```
~/qpixel$ sudo bundle install
Don't run Bundler as root. Bundler can ask for sudo if it is needed, and installing your bundle as root will break this application for all non-root users on this machine.
Bundler 2.3.15 is running, but your lockfile was generated with 2.4.13. Installing Bundler 2.4.13 and restarting using that version.
Fetching gem metadata from https://rubygems.org/.
Fetching bundler 2.4.13
Installing bundler 2.4.13
Don't run Bundler as root. Installing your bundle as root will break this application for all non-root users on this machine.
[..] # After, the installation proceeds correctly
```
It seems to work fine because I have not detected any problem when running the local instance of QPixel, even if I start it with `rails s` without `sudo`.
But my questions are:
1. **What are the possible issues related to a QPixel `bundle install` with `sudo`?**
2. **How to avoid using `sudo` to obtain a successful QPixel `bundle install`?**
I tried to install first the "good" version of `bundle` with `sudo gem install bundler:2.4.13` but I got the same `PermissionError` messages during the `bundle install`...
# Set up
I tried on a fresh Debian 11 bullseye on Windows Subsystem Linux Version 2 (WSL2), Windows 11 22H2 host and `bundle` installed with:
```
sudo apt install bundler
```
Ruby installed with:
```
curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
```

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